Preface Surgery is an important part of medical science, and its category is formed in the historical development of medicine and is constantly updated and changed. In ancient times, the scope of surgery was limited to some surface diseases and traumas. However, with the development of medical science, a clearer understanding of the etiology and pathology of the diseases of the various systems and organs of the human body has been obtained, coupled with diagnostic methods and Surgical techniques continue to improve, and the scope of modern surgery has included many internal diseases.